Lemma
MediumConditional probability
#1818 · Probability · Conditional probability

Probability of a lost card

One of a pack of cards has been lost; from the remainder of the pack two cards are drawn and are found to be spades; find the chance that the missing card is a spade.

~15 minAnswer checked instantlyBayes theoremhypergeometric distribution

H. S. Hall & S. R. Knight, Higher Algebra (1891) · Ch. XXXII. Probability, Examples XXXII.d, No. 12

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Checked against the answer in H. S. Hall & S. R. Knight, Higher Algebra (1891).