Comparing Two Independent Population Proportions · Exercise 24

Some individuals who were exposed to the COVID-19 virus experienced a loss of taste. In a sample of COVID patients during 2022, there were 629 reported cases of loss of taste out of a total of 1,021 reported cases. In 2021, there were 486 reported cases of loss of taste out of a sample of 712 cases. Is the 2022 proportion of loss of taste more than the 2021 proportion? Using a 1% level of significance, conduct an appropriate hypothesis test.
• “2022” subscript: 2022 group.
• “2021” subscript: 2021 group

The p-value is 0.0022. At a 1% level of significance, the appropriate conclusion is

(a) There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of people in the United States in 2022 who experienced loss of taste is less than the proportion of people in the United States in 2021 who experienced loss of taste.
(b) There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of people in the United States in 2022 who experienced loss of taste is more than the proportion of people in the United States in 2021 who experienced loss of taste.
(c) There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of people in the United States in 2022 who experienced loss of taste is less than the proportion of people in the United States in 2021 who experienced loss of taste.
(d) There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of people in the United States in 2022 who experienced loss of taste is more than the proportion of people in the United States in 2021 who experienced loss of taste.

Its source prints no answer for this problem, so there's nothing to check against.

OpenStax, Introductory Statistics 2e · §10.3 Comparing Two Independent Population Proportions · Exercise 24